In the field of mechanical processing, the selection of the particle size of the flexible flat abrasive wheel has a critical impact on the processing accuracy.
First, the particle size determines the size and distribution density of the abrasive grains on the surface of the grinding wheel. The finer-grained flexible flat abrasive wheel has finer and more densely distributed abrasive grains. During the processing, these fine abrasive grains can perform more delicate cutting on the workpiece surface, and the amount of material removed is relatively small and uniform, so that a higher surface finish can be obtained. For example, in precision mold processing, extremely high surface quality is required. The use of fine-grained grinding wheels can effectively reduce surface scratches and roughness, so that the mold surface can achieve a mirror effect and meet the requirements of high-precision molding.
Secondly, the particle size affects the cutting ability and material removal rate of the grinding wheel. The coarse-grained flexible flat abrasive wheel has larger abrasive grains and wider spacing, and its cutting edge is sharper, which can remove more material per unit time. However, this rough processing method will leave larger cutting marks and deeper processing textures on the surface of the workpiece, resulting in relatively low processing accuracy. On the contrary, fine-grained grinding wheels have weaker cutting ability, but can achieve micro-cutting, which is more conducive to controlling the processing size accuracy, and is particularly important for the processing of parts with strict dimensional tolerance requirements.
Furthermore, the grinding forces generated by grinding wheels of different grain sizes during processing are also different. Coarse-grained grinding wheels will generate greater grinding forces due to their large cutting depth and large material removal. This may cause the workpiece to deform, especially for thin-walled, slender and other workpieces with poor rigidity, deformation will seriously affect the processing accuracy. The grinding force generated by fine-grained grinding wheels is relatively small, which can reduce the risk of workpiece deformation and better ensure the stability of processing accuracy.
In addition, the grain size of the grinding wheel is also related to the thermal effect of processing. When coarse-grained grinding wheels are grinding at high speed, frictional heat generation is more obvious due to the large amount of cutting. Excessive heat will cause defects such as thermal deformation and burns on the surface of the workpiece, destroying the accuracy and structural properties of the processed surface. Fine-grained grinding wheels generate relatively less heat, and with appropriate cooling measures, they can effectively reduce the impact of heat and improve processing accuracy.
However, the choice of grain size is not the finer the better. Too fine a grain size will lead to low grinding wheel cutting efficiency and long processing time. In some cases, new precision problems may occur due to long-term grinding force. At the same time, fine-grained grinding wheels have poor self-sharpening properties, are prone to clogging, and require more frequent dressing, which will also affect the consistency of processing accuracy.
The selection of the grain size of the flexible flat abrasive wheel needs to comprehensively consider the material, shape, dimensional accuracy requirements and processing technology of the workpiece. Only by selecting the grain size reasonably can the advantages of the flexible flat abrasive wheel be fully utilized, while ensuring processing efficiency, obtaining ideal processing accuracy, and meeting the needs of different industrial production scenarios.
